The estate had a second IT operator before Gaia
Twenty-seven domains authorise mail relays belonging to BOC — Business Optimization Consultants, a Damascus/Aleppo web firm — in their published SPF records, none of them registered after 5 January 2017. Every domain registered after that date is BOC-free, and the whole Union estate, built from 12 January 2017 onward, is the first cluster built entirely without it. BOC appears to be the estate's IT operator before Gaia, with the handover falling in the first week of January 2017.
Multiple independent technical or documentary indicators agree, with no contrary evidence.تتفق عدة مؤشرات تقنية أو وثائقية مستقلة، دون دليل مناقض.
server1.bocme.net (37.58.80.226, IBM Cloud/SoftLayer, Netherlands) and server2.bocme.net (52.72.12.188, Amazon AWS, United States) are BOC's own mail servers, confirmed by reverse DNS and by BOC's own published company history — a Damascus web consultancy founded 1994, on an entirely separate registrar and DNS stack (Realtime Register B.V.) from the estate's Dynadot account.
This is SPF-as-fossil reasoning, not a live-traffic observation: SPF records are current configuration, and the correlation shows that domains provisioned in the BOC era still carry legacy relay entries never cleaned up, while domains provisioned after the handover never had them. That is why this is rated strong rather than confirmed — a Wayback capture of a pre-2017 domain showing a BOC vendor credit, or a BOC client list naming an estate company, would move it to confirmed.
As with Gaia, this is an operator relationship, not an ownership one — BOC has ordinary clients unrelated to this estate. What it establishes is that the register's operator picture had been missing half its subject.
- How this register was built 2026-08-14
- Mapping the two-server estate 2026-08-12
- BOC — Business Optimization ConsultantsBOC — استشارات تحسين الأعمال Not designatedغير مُدرَج
- Gaiaغايا Not designatedغير مُدرَج
- The IT vendor changes handsمزوّد تقنية المعلومات يتغيّر 5–12 Jan 2017